Mental Health

                          Mental Health

      Mental health includes our emotional, Psychological, and

 social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also 

helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and

make healthy choices. Mental health is essential at every stage of

 life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood. 

    Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It influences cognition, perception, and behavior. It also determines how an individual handles stress, interpersonal relationships, and decision-making. Mental health includes subjective well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, intergenerational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional potential, among others.  

  From the perspectives of positive psychology or holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life and to create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience. Cultural differences, subjective assessments, and competing professional theories affect how one defines "mental health". Some early sins related to mental health problems are sleep irritation, lack of energy, and thinking of harming yourself or others. 

   Mental health, as defined by the public health agency of Canada, is an individual's capacity to feel, think, and act in ways to achieve a better quality of life while respecting personal, social, and cultural boundaries. Impairment of any of these is a risk factor for mental disorders or mental illness which is a component of mental health. Mental disorders are defined as health conditions that affect and alter cognitive functioning, emotional responses, and behavior associated with distress and/or impaired functioning. The ICD-11 is the global standard used to diagnose, treat, research, and report various mental disorders. In the United States, the DSM-5 is used ad the classification system of mental disorders. 

   Mental health is associated with a number of lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, stress, drug abuse, social connections, and interactions. Therapists, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurse practitioners, or family physicians can help manage mental illness with treatments such as therapy, counseling, or medication. 

Epidemiology:

  Mental illnesses are more common than cancer, diabetes, or heart disease. Over 26 % of all Americans over the age of 18 meet the criteria for having a mental illness. Evidence suggests that 50 million people worldwide have some mental illness. Major depression ranks 4th among the top 10 leading causes of diseases worldwide. By 2029, mental illness is predicted to become the leading cause of disease worldwide. 

  One million people commit suicide every year and 10 to 20 million attempts it. A World Health Organization (WHO) report estimates the global cost of mental illness at nearly $ 2.5 trillion in 2010, with a projected increase to over $6 Trillion by 2030. 

  Evidence from the WHO suggests that the early half of the world's population is affected by mental illness with an impact on their self-esteem, relationships, and ability to function in everyday life. An individual's emotional health can impact their physical health. Poor mental health can lead to problems such as the inability to make adequate decisions and substance use disorders. 

   Good mental health can improve life quality whereas poor mental health can worsen it. According to Richards, Campania, & Muse-Burke, there is growing evidence that is showing emotional abilities are associated with pro-social behaviors such as stress management and physical health. Their research also concluded that people who lack emotional expression are included in anti-social behaviors(e.g., substance use disorder and alcohol use disorder, physical fights, vandalism), which reflects one's mental health and suppressed emotions. Adults and children who face mental illness may experience social stigma, which can exacerbate the issues. 

A holistic model of mental health generally includes concepts based upon anthropological, educational, psychological, religious, and sociological perspectives. There are also models as theoretical perspectives from personality, social, clinical, health, and developmental psychology. 

     The tripartite model of mental well-being views mental wee-being ad encompassing three components of emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being. Emotional well-being is defined as having high levels of positive emotions, whereas social and psychological well-being defined as the presence of psychological well-being is defined as the presence of psychological and social skills and abilities that contribute to optimal functioning in daily life. The model has received empirical support across cultures. The Mental Health Continuum-short is the most widely used scale to measure the tripartite model of mental well-being. 

Early warning signs:

 Not sure if you or someone you know is living with mental health problems, experiencing one or more of the following feelings or behaviors can be an early warning sign of a problem:

- Eating or sleeping too much or too little

- Pulling away from people and usual activities

- Having low or no energy

- Feeling numb or like nothing matters

- Having unexplained aches and pains

- Feeling helpless or hopeless

- Smoking, drinking or using drugs more than usual

- feeling unusually confused, forgetful, on edge, angry, upset, worried, or scared 

- Yelling or fighting with family and friends

- Experiencing severe mood swings that cause problems in relationships

- Having persistent thoughts and memories you can't get out of your head

- Hearing voices or believing things that are not true

- Thinking of harming yourself or others

- Inability to perform daily tasks like taking care of your kids or getting to work or school

Mental Health and wellness:

Positive mental health allows people to:

 - Realize their full potential

- Cope with the stresses of life

- Work productively

- Make meaningful contributions to their communities

Ways to maintain positive mental health include:

- Getting professional help if you need it

- Connecting with others

- Staying positive

- getting physical active

- Helping others

- Getting enough sleep

- Developing coping skills. 

Well-Being Concepts:

 Well-being is a positive outcome that is meaningful for people in many sectors of society because it tells us that people perceive that their lives are going well. 

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